{"id":55810,"date":"2022-08-20T06:31:45","date_gmt":"2022-08-20T05:31:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/?p=55810"},"modified":"2024-02-24T08:30:48","modified_gmt":"2024-02-24T08:30:48","slug":"archive-7175","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/archive-7175\/","title":{"rendered":"Archive 7175"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"css-11kk65x e12qa4dv0\">\n<div class=\"css-1vkm6nb ehdk2mb0\">\n<h1 id=\"link-151e1a92\" class=\"css-1icycqh e1h9rw200\" data-testid=\"headline\">Steve Bannon Cited Italian Thinker Who Inspired Fascists<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<div role=\"toolbar\" data-testid=\"share-tools\" aria-label=\"Social Media Share buttons, Save button, and Comments Panel with current comment count\">\n<div class=\"css-1wa6gzb\">\n<ul class=\"css-1sirvy4\">\n<li class=\"css-9eyi4s\">\n<div class=\"css-vxcmzt\">\n<div class=\"css-113xjf1\"><button class=\"css-q1aqo6\" type=\"button\" aria-haspopup=\"true\" aria-label=\"\" aria-describedby=\"ap-gift-article-tooltip\" aria-expanded=\"false\"><span class=\"gift-article-button css-1ui00vj\">Give this article<\/span><\/button><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"css-1xlo06v\">\n<div class=\"css-vxcmzt\">\n<div class=\"css-113xjf1\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"css-1xlo06v save-button\"><\/li>\n<li class=\"css-fb7l6r\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"sizeMedium layoutHorizontal css-1a1lp8y\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div class=\"css-bsn42l\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-rq4mmj\" src=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643im_\/https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2017\/02\/12\/us\/21Evola1\/10Evola1-articleInline.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" sizes=\"auto, ((min-width: 600px) and (max-width: 1004px)) 84vw, (min-width: 1005px) 60vw, 100vw\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643im_\/https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2017\/02\/12\/us\/21Evola1\/10Evola1-articleLarge.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 600w, https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643im_\/https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2017\/02\/12\/us\/21Evola1\/10Evola1-jumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 1024w, https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643im_\/https:\/\/static01.nyt.com\/images\/2017\/02\/12\/us\/21Evola1\/10Evola1-superJumbo.jpg?quality=75&amp;auto=webp 2048w\" alt=\"Stephen K. Bannon referred to the Italian philosopher Julius Evola in a Vatican speech in 2014.\" width=\"190\" height=\"123\" \/><\/div><figcaption class=\"css-y5g5d7 e1maroi60\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">Stephen K. Bannon referred to the Italian philosopher Julius Evola in a Vatican speech in 2014.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span><span aria-hidden=\"false\">Todd Heisler\/The New York Times<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-xt80pu eakwutd0\" data-testid=\"byline-timestamp\">\n<div class=\"css-sklrp3\">\n<div class=\"css-1e2jphy epjyd6m1\">\n<div class=\"css-233int epjyd6m0\">\n<p class=\"css-4anu6l e1jsehar1\"><span class=\"byline-prefix\">By\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"css-1baulvz last-byline\"><a class=\"css-n8ff4n e1jsehar0\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/by\/jason-horowitz\">Jason Horowitz<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"css-1u1psjv epjyd6m3\">\n<li class=\"css-ccw2r3 epjyd6m2\"><time class=\"css-1z1nqv e16638kd0\" datetime=\"2017-02-10T05:00:35-05:00\">Feb. 10, 2017<\/time><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<section class=\"meteredContent css-1r7ky0e\">\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">ROME \u2014 Those trying to divine the roots of Stephen K. Bannon\u2019s dark and at times apocalyptic worldview have repeatedly combed over a speech that Mr. Bannon, President Trump\u2019s ideological guru, made in 2014 to a Vatican conference, where he expounded on Islam, populism and capitalism.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">But for all the examination of those\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/https:\/\/www.buzzfeed.com\/lesterfeder\/this-is-how-steve-bannon-sees-the-entire-world\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">remarks<\/a>, a passing reference by Mr. Bannon to an esoteric Italian philosopher has gone little noticed, except perhaps by scholars and followers of the deeply taboo, Nazi-affiliated thinker, Julius Evola.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cThe fact that Bannon even knows Evola is significant,\u201d said Mark Sedgwick, a leading scholar of Traditionalists at Aarhus University in Denmark.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Evola, who died in 1974, wrote on everything from Eastern religions to the metaphysics of sex to alchemy. But he is best known as a leading proponent of Traditionalism, a worldview popular in far-right and alternative religious circles that believes progress and equality are poisonous illusions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Evola became a darling of Italian Fascists, and Italy\u2019s post-Fascist terrorists of the 1960s and 1970s looked to him as a spiritual and intellectual godfather.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">They called themselves Children of the Sun after Evola\u2019s vision of a bourgeoisie-smashing new order that he called the Solar Civilization. Today, the Greek neo-Nazi party\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/http:\/\/traditionalistblog.blogspot.com\/2012\/05\/evola-poised-to-enter-greek-parliament.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Golden Dawn includes his works<\/a>\u00a0on its suggested reading list, and the leader of Jobbik, the Hungarian nationalist party, admires Evola and\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/http:\/\/traditionalistblog.blogspot.com\/2014\/08\/traditinalism-in-hungary.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">wrote an introduction<\/a>\u00a0to his works.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">More important for the current American administration, Evola also caught on in the United States with leaders of the alt-right movement, which Mr. Bannon nurtured as the head of Breitbart News and then helped harness for Mr. Trump.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cJulius Evola is one of the most fascinating men of the 20th century,\u201d said\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/20\/us\/politics\/white-nationalists-celebrate-an-awakening-after-donald-trumps-victory.html?action=click&amp;contentCollection=Americas&amp;module=RelatedCoverage&amp;region=Marginalia&amp;pgtype=article\">Richard Spencer, the white nationalist leader who is a top figure in the alt-right movement<\/a>, which has attracted white supremacists, racists and anti-immigrant elements.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In the days after the election, Mr. Spencer led a Washington alt-right conference in chants of\u00a0\u201c<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20230117031032\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/11\/21\/us\/alt-right-salutes-donald-trump.html\">Hail Trump<\/a>!\u201d\u00a0But he also invoked Evola\u2019s idea of a prehistoric and pre-Christian spirituality \u2014 referring to the awakening of whites, whom he called the Children of the Sun.<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-small css-1m53jiu e1g7ppur0\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div class=\"css-zgakxe erfvjey0\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Image<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-1whphny\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-7jn687 ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">Evola, who died in 1974, is best known as a leading light of Traditionalism.<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mr. Spencer said \u201cit means a tremendous amount\u201d that Mr. Bannon was aware of Evola and other Traditionalist thinkers.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cEven if he hasn\u2019t fully imbibed them and been changed by them, he is at least open to them,\u201d he said. \u201cHe at least recognizes that they are there. That is a stark difference to the American conservative movement that either was ignorant of them or attempted to suppress them.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mr. Bannon, who did not return a request for comment for this article, is\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/http:\/\/www.politico.com\/magazine\/story\/2017\/02\/steve-bannon-books-reading-list-214745\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an avid and wide-ranging reader<\/a>. He has spoken enthusiastically about everything from Sun Tzu\u2019s \u201cThe Art of War\u201d to \u201cThe Fourth Turning\u201d by William Strauss and Neil Howe, which sees history in cycles of cataclysmic and order-obliterating change. His awareness of and reference to Evola in itself only reflects that reading. But some on the alt-right consider Mr. Bannon a door through which Evola\u2019s ideas of a hierarchical society run by a spiritually superior caste can enter in a period of crisis.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cEvolists view his ship as coming in,\u201d said Prof. Richard Drake at the University of Montana, who wrote about Evola in his book\u00a0\u201cThe Revolutionary Mystique and Terrorism in Contemporary Italy.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">For some of them, it has been a long time coming.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cIt\u2019s the first time that an adviser to the American president knows Evola, or maybe has a Traditionalist formation,\u201d said Gianfranco De Turris, an Evola biographer and apologist based in Rome who runs the Evola Foundation out of his apartment.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cIf Bannon has these ideas, we have to see how he influences the politics of Trump,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">A March article titled\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/http:\/\/www.breitbart.com\/tech\/2016\/03\/29\/an-establishment-conservatives-guide-to-the-alt-right\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cAn Establishment Conservative\u2019s Guide to the Alt-Right\u201d<\/a>\u00a0in Breitbart, the website then run by Mr. Bannon, included Evola as one of the thinkers in whose writings the \u201corigins of the alternative right\u201d could be found.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The article was co-written by Milo Yiannopoulos, the right-wing provocateur who is wildly popular with conservatives on college campuses. Mr. Trump recently defended Mr. Yiannopoulos as a symbol of free speech after demonstrators violently\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/02\/01\/us\/uc-berkeley-milo-yiannopoulos-protest.html\">protested his planned speech<\/a>\u00a0at the University of California, Berkeley.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The article celebrated the youthful internet trolls who give the alt-right movement its energy and who, motivated by a common and questionable sense of humor, use anti-Semitic and racially charged memes \u201cin typically juvenile but undeniably hysterical fashion.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cIt\u2019s hard to imagine them reading Evola,\u201d the article continued. \u201cThey may be inclined to sympathize to those causes, but mainly because it annoys the right people.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Evola, who has more than annoyed people for nearly a century, seems to be having a moment.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWhen I started working on Evola, you had to plow through Italian,\u201d said Mr. Sedgwick, who keeps track of Traditionalist movements and thought on his blog,\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/http:\/\/traditionalistblog.blogspot.com\/search\/label\/Evola?m=0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Traditionalists<\/a>. \u201cNow he\u2019s available in English, German, Russian, Serbian, Greek, Hungarian. First I saw Evola boom, and then I realized the number of people interested in that sort of idea was booming.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-14zrrfg\">\n<div class=\"css-1eoytci\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1rha1bf\">\n<h2 class=\"css-9t9pfs\">Stephen Bannon in 2014: We Are at War With Radical Islam<\/h2>\n<p class=\"css-vop5d5\">Stephen K. Bannon, the former chief of Breitbart News and now President Trump\u2019s chief strategist, was the main driver of President Trump\u2019s rapid signing on Friday of the executive order on immigration, which set off a political firestorm.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Born in 1898, Evola liked to call himself a baron and in later life sported a monocle in his left eye.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">A brilliant student and talented artist, he came home after fighting in World War I and became a leading exponent in Italy of the Dada movement, which, like Evola, rejected the church and bourgeois institutions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Evola\u2019s early artistic endeavors gave way to his love of the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, and he developed a worldview with an overriding animosity toward the decadence of modernity. Influenced by mystical works and the occult, Evola began developing an idea of the individual\u2019s ability to transcend his reality and \u201cbe unconditionally whatever one wants.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Under the influence of Ren\u00e9 Gu\u00e9non, a French metaphysicist and convert to Islam, Evola in 1934 published his most influential work, \u201cThe Revolt Against the Modern World,\u201d which cast materialism as an eroding influence on ancient values.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It viewed humanism, the Renaissance, the Protestant Reformation and the French Revolution all as historical disasters that took man further away from a transcendental perennial truth.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Changing the system, Evola argued, was \u201cnot a question of contesting and polemicizing, but of blowing everything up.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Evola\u2019s ideal order, Professor Drake wrote, was based on \u201chierarchy, caste, monarchy, race, myth, religion and ritual.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">That made a fan out of Benito Mussolini.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The dictator already admired Evola\u2019s early writings on race, which influenced the 1938 Racial Laws restricting the rights of Jews in Italy.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mussolini so liked Evola\u2019s 1941 book, \u201cSynthesis on the Doctrine of Race,\u201d which advocated a form of spiritual, and not merely biological, racism, that he invited Evola to meet him in September of that year.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Evola eventually broke with Mussolini and the Italian Fascists because he considered them overly tame and corrupted by compromise. Instead he preferred the Nazi SS officers, seeing in them something closer to a mythic ideal. They also shared his anti-Semitism.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"css-79elbk\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"css-z3e15g\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-wrapper-hidden\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1a48zt4 e11si9ry5\" data-testid=\"photoviewer-children\">\n<figure class=\"img-sz-medium css-1l3p632 e1g7ppur0\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div class=\"css-1xdhyk6 erfvjey0\">\n<p><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Image<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"css-1whphny\" data-testid=\"lazy-image\">\n<div data-testid=\"lazyimage-container\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><figcaption class=\"css-xaa95i ewdxa0s0\"><span class=\"css-jevhma e13ogyst0\" aria-hidden=\"true\">A demonstration last month by Golden Dawn, the Greek neo-Nazi party, which includes Evola\u2019s works on a suggested reading list.<\/span><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span><span aria-hidden=\"false\">Michalis Karagiannis\/Reuters<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mr. Bannon suggested in his Vatican remarks that the Fascist movement had come out of Evola\u2019s ideas.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">As Mr. Bannon expounded on the intellectual motivations of the Russian president, Vladimir V. Putin, he mentioned \u201cJulius Evola and different writers of the early 20th century who are really the supporters of what\u2019s called the Traditionalist movement, which really eventually metastasized into Italian Fascism.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The reality, historians say, is that Evola sought to \u201cinfiltrate and influence\u201d the Fascists, as Mr. Sedgwick put it, as a powerful vehicle to spread his ideas.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In his Vatican talk, Mr. Bannon suggested that although Mr. Putin represented a \u201ckleptocracy,\u201d\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/https:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2016\/12\/03\/world\/americas\/alt-right-vladimir-putin.html?_r=0\">the Russian president understood the existential danger posed by \u201ca potential new caliphate\u201d<\/a>\u00a0and the importance of using nationalism to stand up for traditional institutions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cWe, the Judeo-Christian West,\u201d Mr. Bannon added, \u201creally have to look at what he\u2019s talking about as far as Traditionalism goes \u2014 particularly the sense of where it supports the underpinnings of nationalism.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">As Mr. Bannon suggested in his speech, Mr. Putin\u2019s most influential thinker is\u00a0<a class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220817091643\/http:\/\/foreignpolicy.com\/2016\/07\/27\/geopolitics-russia-mackinder-eurasia-heartland-dugin-ukraine-eurasianism-manifest-destiny-putin\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Aleksandr Dugin<\/a>, the ultranationalist Russian Traditionalist and anti-liberal writer sometimes called \u201cPutin\u2019s Rasputin.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">An intellectual descendant of Evola, Mr. Dugin has called for a \u201cgenuine, true, radically revolutionary, and consistent fascist fascism\u201d and advocated a geography-based theory of \u201cEurasianism\u201d \u2014 which has provided a philosophical framework for Mr. Putin\u2019s expansionism and meddling in Western European politics.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Mr. Dugin sees European Traditionalists as needing Russia, and Mr. Putin, to defend them from the onslaught of Western liberal democracy, individual liberty, and materialism \u2014 all Evolian b\u00eates noires.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">This appeal of traditional values on populist voters and against out-of-touch elites, the \u201cPan-European Union\u201d and \u201ccentralized government in the United States,\u201d as Mr. Bannon put it, was not lost on Mr. Trump\u2019s ideological guru.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">\u201cA lot of people that are Traditionalists,\u201d he said in his Vatican remarks, \u201care attracted to that.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Steve Bannon Cited Italian Thinker Who Inspired Fascists Give this article Stephen K. Bannon referred to the Italian philosopher Julius Evola in a Vatican speech in 2014.Credit&#8230;Todd Heisler\/The New York Times By\u00a0Jason Horowitz Feb. 10, 2017 ROME \u2014 Those trying to divine the roots of Stephen K. Bannon\u2019s dark and at times apocalyptic worldview have [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5322],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55810","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archive"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55810","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55810"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55810\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":60738,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55810\/revisions\/60738"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55810"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55810"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55810"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}