{"id":55886,"date":"2022-08-24T07:08:42","date_gmt":"2022-08-24T06:08:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/?p=55886"},"modified":"2022-08-24T07:15:18","modified_gmt":"2022-08-24T06:15:18","slug":"archive-7185","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/archive-7185\/","title":{"rendered":"Archive 7185"},"content":{"rendered":"<header class=\"css-11kk65x e12qa4dv0\">\n<div class=\"css-1vkm6nb ehdk2mb0\">\n<h1 id=\"link-36576bea\" class=\"css-1icycqh e1h9rw200\" data-testid=\"headline\">Surge of Ice Sheet&#8217;s Water Into Mississippi Said to Support Deluge Legends<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<div role=\"toolbar\" data-testid=\"share-tools\" aria-label=\"Social Media Share buttons, Save button, and Comments Panel with current comment count\">\n<div class=\"css-b85vp0\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-vxcmzt\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-xt80pu eakwutd0\" data-testid=\"byline-timestamp\">\n<div class=\"css-sklrp3\">\n<div class=\"css-1e2jphy epjyd6m1\">\n<div class=\"css-233int epjyd6m0\">\n<p class=\"css-4anu6l e1jsehar1\"><span class=\"byline-prefix\">By\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"css-1baulvz last-byline\">Walter Sullivan<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<ul class=\"css-1u1psjv epjyd6m3\">\n<li class=\"css-ccw2r3 epjyd6m2\"><time class=\"css-1z1nqv e16638kd0\" datetime=\"1975-09-24T01:00:00-04:00\">Sept. 24, 1975<\/time><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/header>\n<section class=\"meteredContent css-1r7ky0e\">\n<div class=\"css-j3uhc5\">\n<div class=\"css-1ve50l5\">\n<div class=\"css-1si6tjw\">\n<div class=\"css-p5jc4e\">\n<figure class=\"\" role=\"group\" aria-label=\"media\">\n<div><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"css-rq4mmj\" src=\"https:\/\/s1.nyt.com\/timesmachine\/pages\/1\/1975\/09\/24\/80062445_360W.png?quality=75&amp;auto=webp&amp;disable=upscale\" srcset=\"\" alt=\"\" width=\"1\" height=\"1\" \/><\/div><figcaption class=\"css-y5g5d7 e1maroi60\"><span class=\"css-1u46b97 e1z0qqy90\"><span class=\"css-1ly73wi e1tej78p0\">Credit&#8230;<\/span><span aria-hidden=\"false\">The New York Times Archives<\/span><\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1s1pakw\">\n<div class=\"css-udpjq9\">See the article in its original context from September 24, 1975, Page 23<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-z4qjxy\">New York Times subscribers* enjoy full access to TimesMachine\u2014view over 150 years of New York Times journalism, as it originally appeared.<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1nq039c\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-tqabw5\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-1mweozg\">\n<div class=\"css-14uxcda\">About the Archive<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-6hi8ev\">This is a digitized version of an article from The Times\u2019s print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them.<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-6hi8ev\">Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Evidence has been found that torrents of water flowing down the Mississippi River from a rapidly melting ice sheet some 11.600 years ago raised worldwide sea levels enough to explain for the many accounts of a great prehistoric flood.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Scientists from the University of Miami, reporting this in the Sept. 26 issue of the journal Science, note that the time coincides with that set by Plato for the destruction of Atlantis by flooding.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The time also matches that of a great southward thrust, or \u201csurge.\u201d of the North American ice sheet into central Wisconsin. Since this was a period of global warming, the surge is thought to have occurred when melting at the base of the ice enabled it suddenly to flow south and melt rapidly.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Some scientists believe similar surges carried ice into Hudson Bay and the North Atlantic off Newfoundland, contributing, to the sudden rise in sea level. According to Dr. Cesare Emiliani of the University of Miami, sea level at the start of that rise was 40 meters, or 131 feet, lower than it is today.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Hence successive beach lines and other evidence for a swift rise would now lie submerged. Dr Emiliani is an authority on the history of past climate as recorded in oceanic sediments. He is widely known for his argument that there have been eight major ice ages over the past million or two million years rather than the traditionally accepted four. He and seven other University of Miami scientists prepared the report on the sea?level rise.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The evidence was derived primarily from two cores of sediment extracted from the floor of the Gulf of Mexico on the edge of the Continental Shelf midway between Florida and the Mississippi delta.<\/p>\n<div class=\"css-1jg868a\" data-testid=\"inline-message\" aria-live=\"polite\">\n<div class=\"css-1od6ynp\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-16858bh\">From the relative abundances of lighter and heavier forms of oxygen in the shells of tiny creatures that lived in the Gulf, it has been deduced that the water there became remarkably fresh about 11,600 years ago.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Based on Shell Carbon<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The timetable of this change was based on ages determined by measurements of radioactive carbon in the shells. The fact that it was a warm period was shown by the relative abundance of warm?water species.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\">\n<div id=\"c-col-editors-picks\" class=\"css-j64t31\">\n<div id=\"pp_edpick-wrapper\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">In a telephone interview yesterday, Dr. Emiliani pointed out that, according to Dr. Willard F. Libby of the University of California at Los Angeles, the southward surge of ice into Wisconsin, known as the Valders Advance, coincided with the timing of 11,600 years determined for the massive discharge of fresh water into the Gulf.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Dr. Libby won A Nobel Prize for his discovery that the ages of biological samples can be determined through the extent to which radioactive carbon-14\u2014within them has decayed. Since the organism, be it a tree or sea creature, no longer incorporates carbon 14 into its wood or shell, once it dies the extent of carbon?I4 decay is a measure of time elapsed since the death.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Similar Evidence Found<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">From the carbon in trees levelled by the Valders Advance. Dr. Libby was able to establish its age. Reached by phone yesterday, he said that evidence for ice advances coincident with the Valders Advance had been found in samples from Europe. South America and, reportedly, from New Zealand.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The evidence that the Valders Advance into Wisconsin coincided with a warming and massive discharge of fresh water into the gulf. Dr. Emiliani says, is \u201cironclad proof\u201d of the surge hypothesis. It means, he added, that the proposition that similar surges may occur in the ice sheet of western Antarctica must be taken seriously.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It has been suggested that such surges could raise sea levels rapidly enough to result in a serious impact on coastal cities and agricultural areas.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">As noted in the Science article, there are accounts of unique and catastrophic floods in the traditions, of the Americas, Australasia and Eurasia. Two of Plato&#8217;s dialogues\u2014the Timaeus and Critias\u2014tell of the destruction of Atlantis by flooding.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The account, according to Plato, was given to his ancestor, Solon, by Egyptian priests; who said it occurred 9,000 years in the past. Since Solon would have been alive in about, 560 B.C., this would be 11,535 years before the present.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\"><strong class=\"css-8qgvsz ebyp5n10\">Speculation Over Atlantis<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Because the civilization of Atlantis, as described by Plato, resembles the Minoan culture of ancient Crete, some have speculate that the engulfing speculated that the engulfing the destruction of that civilization by the explosive eruption of the volcano at Thera, about 1400 B.C.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<aside class=\"css-ew4tgv\" aria-label=\"companion column\"><\/aside>\n<\/div>\n<div><\/div>\n<div class=\"css-s99gbd StoryBodyCompanionColumn\">\n<div class=\"css-53u6y8\">\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Biblical scholars have sought to reconstruct the chronology of the Old Testament and set a time for the deluge, described in Genesis. The most famous effort, by Bishop James Ussher of Ireland in the 17th century, put it at about 2350 B.C. or 4,325 years ago. The Bible itself, however, is imprecise in this regard.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It has been proposed, Dr. Emiliani said, that tales of the great flood in various traditions derived from a single catastrophe\u2014for example in Mesopotamia\u2014word of which then spread.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">It seems improbable, he said, that it could have travelled so widely. The Navajo Indians, for example, regarded the Grand Canyon as the product of a deluge long before their first contact with Europeans.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Another proposal is that great. floods occur sooner or later in the history of every culture. Dr. Emiliani, however, believes a global sea?level rise between 11,000 and 12,000 years ago to be the best explanation.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">He pointed out that the first indication of a rush of fresh water into the Gulf of Mexico was obtained by Dr. James P. Kennett of the University of Rhode Island and Dr: N. J. Shackleton of Cambridge University in England. Reporting in Science last April 11, they estimated that the torrent occurred between 12,000 and 15,000 years ago, based on cores obtained farther west in the gulf.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">The new, more precise date, Dr. Emiliani said, now links the input of fresh water to the Valders Advance and a warm period. In both cases, the input was determined from a reduction in the relative amount of heavy oxygen\u2014oxygen 18\u2014in the sediment.<\/p>\n<p class=\"css-at9mc1 evys1bk0\">Water from melting glaciers is much depleted in oxygen 18, relative to seawater. The salinity of the gulf dropped 20 per cent, Dr. Emiliani said. Co?authors of the report were Koneta Eldridge, Dwight K. Elvey, Stefan Gartner, Ting Chang Huang. Barbara Lidz, Jerry J. Stipp and Mary F. Swanson.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Surge of Ice Sheet&#8217;s Water Into Mississippi Said to Support Deluge Legends &nbsp; By\u00a0Walter Sullivan Sept. 24, 1975 Credit&#8230;The New York Times Archives See the article in its original context from September 24, 1975, Page 23 New York Times subscribers* enjoy full access to TimesMachine\u2014view over 150 years of New York Times journalism, as it [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5322],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-55886","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-archive"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55886","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=55886"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55886\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":55889,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/55886\/revisions\/55889"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=55886"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=55886"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/atlantipedia.ie\/samples\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=55886"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}