Bronze Age Collapse

Bronze Age Collapse (sometimes Late Bronze Age Collapse) is a term used to describe events in the Eastern Mediterranean, “between c.1250 – c.1150 BCE, when major cities were destroyed, whole civilizations fell, diplomatic and trade relations were severed, writing systems vanished, and there was widespread devastation and death on a scale never experienced before.”^(a)

The cause or causes are a matter of continuing debate, ranging from attacks by the Sea Peoples to climate change to a cometary impact^(b). Another site^(c) offers several possible causes — “Over Complexity, Environmental Problems, Mass Migrations, & Disruptive Technologies.” 

Robert Drews ascribes the ‘collapse’ to the actions of the Sea Peoples at The End of the Bronze Age^[865]. Archaeologist, Gregory D. Mumford, has published a paper entitled The Late Bronze Age Collapse and the Sea Peoples’ Migrations^(d).

>A. Bernard Knapp & Sturt Manning have published a paper on the complexity of the factors that led to the Eastern Mediterranean Late Bronze Age Collapse and by their own admission, their work overlaps with Eric Cline’s 1177 BC^(e).<

^(a) https://www.ancient.eu/Bronze_Age_Collapse/

^(b) https://rense.com/general16/mete.htm

^(c) https://scienceheathen.com/2015/02/11/late-bronze-age-collapse-mycenaean-civilization-collapse-collapse-witnessed-3400-3000-years-ago/

^(d) http://ancientportsantiques.com/wp-content/uploads/Documents/AUTHORS/SeaPeoples-Mumford2018.pdf

^{(e) https://www.academia.edu/19735881/Crisis_in_Context_The_End_of_the_Late_Bronze_Age_in_the_Eastern_Mediterranean} *